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Today In Fire Service History – Cocoanut Grove – 1942

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By: Brent Bronner

On this day in 1942 a fire broke out in the Cocoanut Grove Night Club in Boston Mass.  This fire would claim 492 occupants and would change numerous codes dealing with exits, decorative finishes, and sub levels.

The Boston Globe file photo

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A busboy’s match ignited gauze draperies in a large basement with one locked exit, due to broken panic hardware.  A crowd of over 1,000 was in the club that night, despite the occupancy of 600.

Many factors contributed to the loss of life and spread of the fire.  The club had insufficient exits with doors opening inward and some being welded shut.  Rooms had confusing floor plans with interior decorations of cloth, paper, and simulated leather.  Suspended fabric was hung from the ceiling.  Revolving doors, flipped over tables.  Concealed and unmarked exits lead to the death toll.

Initial firefighters on this five-alarm fire were met with a heavy fire load.  Welded doors, stacked bodies, and tables flipped over lead to troubles in making entry for rescue or suppression.

National Fire Protection Association photo

With the aftermath of the Cocoanut Grove Night Club many codes were changed including:

-Revolving doors will be supplemented by an outward opening hinged door.

-An assembly area will have a minimum of two exits.

- Prohibitions on the use of sub grade levels for assembly.

- Battery powered emergency exit lighting.

- Maximum occupancy certificates are displayed.

- Limitations on the use of combustible materials for interior finishings.

- Securing tables, as well as keeping a minimum aisle width.

- Listing nightclubs and restaurants as assembly areas.

Next time you are in an assembly, take a look around.  Remember the victims of this tragedy, their sacrifice, and the safety improvements of these types of occupancies.  Internet searches can yield multiple readings.

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Light Box Instructions – Where’s The Training?

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By: Paul Hasenmeier

Last night I was sent the picture below.  Let me first say that this particular light is not on a fire apparatus.  We had a little bit of discussion about the labeling on Facebook and figured the topic was worth sharing.  Here’s what the label says if you can’t read it in the picture:  #1 Push black release on bottom  #2 Pull upward on flashlight.  Check out the picture and think for a moment about training.  Then scroll down for a few more thoughts.

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On first glance I’m sure most of you are saying WTF or how does someone not know how to take this light box off the charger.  Let’s stop and think for a minute…Did you know how to take it off before you walked into the firehouse the first time?  Someone probably showed you or you took a few minutes to figure it out.

The discouraging part of the labeling on this particular light is that it tells the user how to remove the light.  At first glance, I would say that training is lacking if we have to provide directions on how to remove it.  Was the label added because it has been ripped off the wall more than once.  If so, where is the training?

Robert Reid gave an example about teaching recruit school.  He was asked to show a spanner wrench and was actually taken back for a second because he thought “you want to fight fire and you don’t know what a spanner wrench is?”  He quickly remembered that he always didn’t know what a spanner wrench was.  Similar thoughts for most of us I’m sure.

Frank Villarreal actually used this example last night after seeing the post on FB and asked some of the new recruits on his department to go get one of the light boxes of the rig.  Five minutes later they came back and said they didn’t know how to unhook it.  They then had a impromptu light box training for the new recruits.  Well done Frank.

This just happens to be a prime example of what we need to do as trainers in the fire service.  We have to step back from time to time and remember to show the basic operations of some of what we now think are the simplest of tasks.  It’s our job to show them the way.  We have to be great at the little things, so the big things are more manageable and then we have no hesitation getting in, getting out, and going home.

Read more about Training Your Replacements and follow of Twitter @TYReplacements

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Training Wall Prop and Roof Attachment

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The prop below seems to be a fairly inexpensive way to get your crews some good training.  We have not used this prop, but after watching the video below and reading the plans, it is definitely worth passing on.  If you have any specific questions email Dale Pekel at ffdpek@aol.com.  A downloadable link for the plans is after the video.

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Video Description: By: Dale Pekel

This is a new prop that I designed and constructed to be used in conjunction with the FF Training Wall Prop that I first built quite a few years ago – It’s called the Pitched Roof Attachment.

A variety of skills can be practiced on this prop which will help prepare FFs to operate more efficiently and safely from pitched roofs. The prop can be adjusted to 3 different pitches including a 6/12, 9/12 and 12/12 – The low height of the prop is great for training new FFs who don’t yet feel comfortable or confident working on a full height roof.

Just like the FF Training Wall Prop, there isn’t one component in the Pitched Roof Attachment that is longer than 8 feet or wider than 4 feet – This allows the prop to be easily transported and assembled nearly anywhere. On inclement days it can even be set up right inside the apparatus bay of the fire house.

The cost of the Pitched Roof Attachment shown in the video was approximately $300.00.

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Download plans here:  Prop Plans
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The Turkeys Are Coming

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A good reminder about what is coming and how to combat it in this post from FF Charlie Hillman.  Without a doubt we will end up seeing some crazy pictures or videos of turkey assisted fires within the week.

With thanksgiving right around the corner, it may be a good time to review some tactics for turkey deep fryer fires.  Personally, I am a big fan of the deep fried turkey because everything is better deep fried!  However, as we all know the turkey deep fryer can cause disastrous consequences for the careless cook.

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Hopefully, most people who choose to deep fry a turkey will perform the activity outside of their home.  Assuming that the cook does decide to deep fry the turkey outdoors, they sometimes exercise poor judgment in the location of where they deep fry the turkey.  Fires have occurred on wooden decks and inside garages amongst other locations.  A cook who is not attentive to the concept of displacement often encounters trouble.  The cooking oil is heated in excess of 350o F and when a wet or frozen turkey is placed into the hot cauldron of cooking oil it causes a furious reaction between the oil and water.  Compounding the problem is that an inattentive cook may have filled the deep fryer with too much oil which is displaced when the turkey is inserted into the deep fryer.  With the turkey in the deep fryer and the oil running over, the oil reaches the flame from the propane burner and is ignited.  The cook may not have the ability to shut the propane off that is fueling the deep fryer.  Now the oil is starting to involve the combustible wooden deck (sometimes with an abundance of dry leaves) or the smooth concrete floor of the garage.  If the deep fryer is inside of a garage the hot oil can shoot up to the ceiling and out from the deep fryer to involve the combustible contents of the garage.  Either way the 20 lb propane tank is in serious danger of BLEVE due to the flame impingement from the resulting fire.

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Vent Enter Search Thoughts

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This post is a contribution form Ryan Brotherton.  He is a young firefighter who takes every class he can.  The points in this post are a summary of his training regarding VES so far.  Not bad for a young savage.  The video linked in the middle of this post is of a successful VES performed by FF Bob Swick of the Fairborn (OH) FD back in 2002.  Several of us did some live fire training with FF Swick a few years back that won’t be forgotten anytime soon.

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VES can be very beneficial when used properly on the fire ground, however, it can be very dangerous if done incorrectly.  We constantly train on fire ground tactics and operations, some more than others.  This is a skill that can contribute to a successful operations if done properly.   You are encouraged to train with both hands on and classroom sessions to safely learn the VES techniques.  This training can easily be done in the fire house or any dwelling that you and your company have available for use in your districts.

-Go or No Go: You must quickly determine when and where to VES.  Time is of the essence.  Ask yourself “Can I make the room and safely conduct a search?  Do I have time?”  If you’ve completed your quick mental size up and determined GO then…

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-Throw the right ladder to the right window and make sure you have a hook and a halligan.

-Clear all the glass, the sash and any blinds on the inside to avoid getting tangled up. KEY POINT: Once you take the window your time is limited, if the door is open you must enter quickly and close the door.

-SWEEP the floor before you SOUND the floor, in case a victim is lying down just inside the window.

-Straddle the window keeping your head low while entering, some people teach you to go in head first, this can be done however you do not have as much control over your body and your body weight.  By straddling the window and entering with your hand on the ladder the entire time you are entering you can still get back out quickly if needed.  If you chose to enter the window head first you would have to get up off of the ground turn around and then exit the window thus using vital time that you may not have.

*If you experience extreme heat while entering it indicats that the door to the room is still probably open and you must locate it and close it immediately.  When you enter the room get as low as possible and try to locate the door by looking under the smoke.

-If when you locate the door it is already closed open it slightly to see if you can locate a victim directly outside the door and this will also give you an indication of the conditions in the hallway. *remember once you break the window if the door is open and remains open this creates a flow path for the fire to go, the door is your lifeline.

-Conduct your search and leave the room as fast as possible.  Remember check closets and be aware of bunk beds the top of the bunk bed is easy to miss in zero visibility conditions.

Remember practice like you play, thanks for reading.

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School Bus Crashes In The News – Week of 11-12-12

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Here are some of this weeks school bus crashes from around the country.  If you haven’t trained for a school bus crash in your jurisdiction, prepare now.  From small town USA to big city American, unfortunately school buses crash everyday.  If you do nothing else, check out the resources on the FDT School Bus Extrication page linked at the end of this post.  Table top a crash and go see some school buses at your local school transportation garage.

Fatal School Bus vs. Dump Truck in New Jersey – Read more HERE

 

11-13-12 Raeford, NC. No Injuries. 4 kids on board. Remember stabilization for first due companies. Photo by Frankie Mcintyre.

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11-15-12.  Gladewater, TX. An ice cream truck rear-ended the bus. Reports state that the driver of the truck needed to be extricated. A 6 y/o on the bus was uninjured.

 

More on the Gladewater bus crash HERE.

11-15-12 Bel Air, Maryland – Minor Injuries

11-15-12 Staunton, VA – Minor Injuries – Rear End

FDT School Bus Extrication Page

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Rescue Methods and the Battle Axe…

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The guys at Rescue Methods are putting together an awesome training video library.  Here is the link to the youtube channel.  Click HERE and be sure to check out the webiste, HERE. They have been playing with 2Tinga boat in swift water applications.  Below is a video promo.  What kinds of boats do you use for swift water / open water?

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Battle Axe…

We had a chance to play with a new product on the market called the Firefighter Battle Axe from Lansky Sharpeners.  There are some definite pros and cons to the tool.  None of us thought that we would drop the irons for the battle axe when coming off the rig.

We did leave the folks behind the design with a suggestion to market this tool towards the C.E.R.T’s.  It would be a very useable piece of equipment in that application.  If you are involved with your local C.E.R.T., pass along the link below to them.

BATTLE AXE

Pros:
- gas shut-off key works
- integrated spanner works
- impact tool part of axe head works for breaking car windows
Cons:
- no assist during forcible entry and vertical ventilation evolutions
- most expressed an unwillingness to trust the insulated handle
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Cold Weather…Get Your Cold Weather Bags Ready

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Lt. Bronner sent the following notice about getting your cold weather bags together as the temperature drops.  If you have a cold weather bag share what you have in it so others can get an idea of what works and what doesn’t.  Stay warm.

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COLD WEATHER BAGS

As I am writing this the weather here in northern Ohio, it is a rainy forty-three degrees.  If you factor in the wind it is 34 degrees.  The weather here is about as unpredictable as any given Sunday when the Browns play.  It is about this time of year I do something that I do every year.  I go to my locker, dust off, open up, and inventory my cold weather bag.

My cold weather bag is a small black bag that rides in the engine with me waiting for that first cold incident of the year.  I started carrying the bag after a fire we had at a diary farm a few years back.  The temperature was sub-zero and a wind chill in the negative twenties.  From that day on I never wanted to be that cold or wet again.

What you put in a cold weather bag is up to you.  I like to carry spare gloves, a spare hood, shirts, socks, and hand warmers. Your inventory should be based on your own geography, sector of work, and anticipated needs.

If you already carry a cold weather bag or something similar please comment and share what you are carrying.  Guys may make fun of your bag, but trust me, that all stops when they are cold out on a job and would like to use something out of it.

HERO RUSH

Hero Rush was just listed in Men’s Journal as one of the top obstacle races.  Be sure to check out the site linked below to find out where the closest 2013 race will be for you.  It’s a firefighter themed 5k with 15-20 obstacles.  The environment is family and kid friendly, so get the whole gang out in 2013.  Check out the FDT review of the 2012 Michigan rush HERE.

SIGN UP FOR HERO RUSH

TECGEN EXTREME

In other news, the folks at TECGEN have asked Smitty over at Boron Extrication and I to review some gear.  As we get a chance we will put this gear through the ringer.  For us Northerners, it may not be till spring as the temps are falling quickly.  The idea to wear lightweight gear for non-structural incidents seems prudent in that it will reduce heat stress dramatically.  We’ll keep you posted.

 

From the TECGEN website: TECGEN EXTREME® garments are UL certified to exceed NFPA 1951 (Technical Rescue) and NFPA 1977 (Wildland Firefighting), making them the perfect choice for the following types of responses:

  • Extrication
  • Search and Rescue
  • MVA
  • Junior Firefighting / Explorer Programs
  • Wildland, Grass and Brush Fires
  • Confined Space
  • Trench Rescue
  • High / Low Angle Rescue
  • Good Will Calls
  • Support Personnel

TECGEN on Facbook

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Stretch Before Training…Are You Kidding?

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Let me first start this post out with a question…Have you ever stretched before a fire department training as a group?  Prior to this past Saturday, my answer would have been, NO.

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We just got done setting up for a couple hour forcible entry training with the Jerusalem Twp. Fire Department when one of the Captains came up to me and asked if we could stretch the crew out before starting.  In my mind I was a bit confused at first as probably easily noticed on my face, however, I said sure let’s make it happen.  Lt. Frank Villarreal quickly volunteered to lead the group through a few minutes of stretching which included; rotating both arms forward and back, bending at the waist and touching your toes, rotating side to side, and a sprinters starting stance for the calfs.   (more…)


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